Showing posts with label Mozart. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Mozart. Show all posts

Sunday, February 11, 2007

Ax Return


I have been longing for Jahja Ling’s return to Heinz Hall. In 2004, his last moment substitute of Lorin Maazel for Mahler Sym. No. 5 was one of the best concerts I’ve ever heard from PSO. In fact, it was so splendid that I couldn’t find the same connection one year later in Chicago symphony center.

Yesterday’s program was interesting, not only because all three pieces were written when the composers were young, but also those pieces, with their unusual mood and maturity, surpass the definition of early stage.

The little G-minor symphony was written when Mozart was 17 years old. Although the works was completed in Salzburg after Mozart returned from Vienna, its expressiveness theme and thematic development is more than what cheerful local styles asked for. Ling pushed the orchestra in a tense fast tempo, but with less contrast. The effect of tremolo at the beginning carried a sense of inescapability, but the looming menace and pressing anger couldn’t be found, as if it was notified in advance that those fierce winds would calm down soon. Perhaps, in Ling’s mind, the romantic crisis is nothing but a foray of expressiveness within the frame of rococo style.

The slow movement, on the contrary, was performed at a slower-tempo side, even though it is actually andante. Unfortunately, PSO were not well equipped with refinery and delicacy for Mozartean manner. The wind section sang briskly while string section projected a darker but nocturnal mood.

The vigorous Minuet provided an echo for the first movement as if the lingering residue of storms had come back. But it was soon interrupted by the rustic trio which was performed with even brighter color. The cyclic arrangement of mood did surprised me that Mozart, at his early age, already tried to keep coherence within the structure, even though it meant to end music without relief. Still, PSO smoothed the inundating changes in moods between pensiveness and vivacity, thus reached a lukewarm, placid little G-minor.

But Ling quickly revealed what he and PSO could achieve when the right piece was chosen. Richard Strauss is a natural fit for PSO, maybe because of the tradition which can be traced back in 1904 when the composer himself visited the orchestra.

The beginning about the silent bedroom and childhood memory was almost painting-like vivid, but it was the transfiguration which took place soon after that showed the orchestra’s responsiveness and energy. PSO sounds like a giant for heroic pieces with splendid orchestration, and Richard Strauss brings the best of instrumental colors.

The highlight of the whole concert was definitely Emanuel Ax, who, in his top form, inserted his personal Romanism to the thought-provoking Brahms No. 1 piano concerto. In the first movement, he was resourceful, with both the clarity that defined every melody lines and the strength that rivaled turbulent orchestration. In the solo part, he immersed the keyboard with such Brahmsian deep brood that balanced the first dramatic theme.

The second slow movement inherited Beethoven’s spirit: unleashed breadth, fancy chromaticism, a strong sense of yearning, only deeper and wider that are inborn from the pensive young composer. While Ax kept metallic texture in the virtuosic section in the first movement, his interpretation is more Chopin-approach in the slow movement. It is true that Brahms’ own descriptive words indicate sacredness; However Ax colored the serene melodies with less pondering and more cantabile lyricism. The effect was simply astonishing and indescribable: For a moment, I felt that the Heinz hall was empty except the piano sound, rounded, at one end was the two hands, at the other were deeply touched a full house of audience and the orchestra.

Emanuel Ax is scheduled to return to Heinz Hall next April to play Chopin No. 2 Piano Concerto.

Thursday, March 09, 2006

The Mystery of Mozart (For 250th Anniversity of Mozart Birthday)


Mozart是一个谜,他的天才确实只能用其名字中间的Amedeus(上帝的宠儿)来表达。即使是那些早期的作品中(比如他的第一、二小提琴协奏曲和钢琴奏鸣曲)也仍然可以感受那种本真的灵动和美妙。但如果翻开他的书信集(虽然我们可以从中获益,我仍然认为这是一种侵犯人权的行为),可以清楚地知道Mozart是Bi Sexual Orientation。前一段时间《音乐爱好者》曾刊登了些他的书信,但有关这些可能有争议或引起轰动的信笺还是被遴除了。


带有同性恋倾向的艺术家不在少数,他们通常在艺术上甚为早熟,而在心智上却发育地比较迟缓,而且多少气质中有些女性的痕迹。有一篇文章写到Mozart--被延长的童年,这种观点非常精辟:孩子般的天真灿烂、不拘俗落是Mozart的写照;但Mozart的音乐中多少有些婉约的女气,这还是不应被否认的。虽然有些人一直强调他的音乐不要柔弱而要阳光和稚气,但众多钢琴奏鸣曲的那些柔板段落给了我们充分的从柔美来理解这些作品的理由。

对于艺术家而言,爱情和艺术根植于人的性本能中。在那些信笺中,Mozart表达了他对同性和异性的爱恋,而在其音乐中,其双性恋的本质似乎并不十分明显。Beethoven的源自造化的雄伟、刚健表现着一种蛮横、自足的自然力量;Bach的深邃简朴影射出宗教的烛照感观;但Mozart的音乐性格中的性别意识却非常淡漠,几乎难于辨认。Mozart不是满腹经纶的哲人,他可能没有读过歌德(这和Beethoven有着明显的区别,Beethoven的精神世界处于一种自觉的探索中),善于打弹子球和调戏女人,也着迷于那些舞台上的阉人歌手。但这一切都被其不染的童心所掩盖了。Mozart活在依照真性情的世界里,虽然世俗的利害和规矩越发侵蚀和磨损他浑然的纯真。也正是这种童心才是他的智慧源泉。童心不灭的人,必定对人生有着相当的彻悟,是真正的大智慧者。

不错,Mozart没有读过多少书。但智慧不等于知识(除非你是苏格拉底的门徒)。赫拉克利特说智慧在于认识,即绝对和统一。这样,一个拥有广泛知识的人可能智慧贫乏,而Mozart恰恰向我们展示了他那个聪颖慧人的灵魂里绝世的智慧。

当我们拨开童心的庇护,试图可以窥探到一些残存于音乐中的有关性取向的蛛丝马迹,却会陷入一种思维定势的陷阱中。比如我们可能会说Pires或内田光子演奏的钢琴奏鸣曲体现出女性在演绎Mozart音乐中的优势,但我们也要注意到Lipatti表达的均衡和灿烂(KV331),Horowitz演奏出的率真不羁;或者我们纠缠于某些钢琴或木管的协奏曲中慢板中那些在弦乐加弱音器或三连音的伴奏下独奏乐器表现出的独特的晓风残月般的美丽,但个人的感受因人而异,鲜有确凿的理论依据(我到认为在单簧管协奏曲的慢板绝唱中,表达出的是一种彻悟后的悲痛,一种因于对生命的热爱而产生的眷恋,和女性或童心无关)。Mozart是个谜,其意义不在于谜底,而在于启发我们每每用全新的观点看待音乐、世界,在于探索本身。

在那些书信集里,Mozart的文字简单朴实,日间琐碎、旅途见闻尽是寻常平淡。虽然多少有些夸张和神经质,但处处却掩饰不住对人生快乐的享受。总说天妒英才;我却觉得:生命的密度比生命的长度更值得追求。